Autoclave

Autoclaves are commonly used in microbiology and the medical sector as essential equipment in laboratories. They sterilize products by eliminating all bacteria, germs, and pathogens through steam sterilization under pressure at temperatures above 100°C.

An autoclave typically comprises a pressure vessel, usually made of stainless steel, with a tightly sealing door that can withstand rated pressure. The item to be sterilised is positioned in the sterilisation chamber. The steam inside is heated by the built-in heating elements. All critical parameters, including temperature and pressure, can be monitored throughout the entire process using a digital control unit.

The sterilisation process is divided into four stages:

• Purging (removing air from the chamber)
• Exposure (increasing internal temperature and pressure)
• Sterilisation
• Cooling (releasing steam and pressure and cooling down)

During the purge phase, steam is used to displace the air in the sterilizer. The temperature and pressure are gradually increased to establish a continuous flow purge. In the subsequent sterilization phase, the product is exposed to steam for approximately 15 to 20 minutes. The duration of this phase may vary depending on the level of bacterial contamination and the sterilization temperature. Finally, the steam is released and the product is allowed to cool down.

Autoclaving is a common method for sterilising solids, liquids and waste in destruction bags. Materials that are compatible with autoclaving include empty glass bottles or pipettes, as well as solutions and filters.