Cells

Cuvettes are mainly used in UV/Vis spectroscopy and are available in different types. Whether flow-through macro, micro or rectangular cuvettes, with or without stopper, whether cuvettes for absorption spectroscopy or fluorescence measurements, at Analytics-Shop you will find the right cuvette for every application and for all measuring and analysis instruments of the leading manufacturers on the market. Please use our filter on the left side for your search. Here you can filter by manufacturer, type, category or for accessories.

As an authorized dealer we can offer you about 300 cuvettes of the world market leader Hellma Analytics. As the world's leading supplier of precision cuvettes made of optical glass and quartz glass, Hellma also offers special designs and custom-made products for special applications.

The following table gives you an overview of the materials used at Hellma and the appropriate wavelength range.

Material Materialcode Wavelength Range
Optical Glass OG 360 nm - 2500 nm
Optical Special Glass OS 330 nm - 2500 nm
Borofloat® BF 320 nm - 2500 nm
HOQ 310H UV 230 nm - 2500 nm
Quarzglass Suprasil® QS 200 nm - 2500 nm
Quarzglass Suprasil® QX 200 nm - 3500 nm
UV-Quarzglas Q 170 nm - 2700 nm

If you need assistance choosing the right product for your application, please feel free to contact our customer service.

Here you can find more information on material and manufacture of cells.

Items 1-50 of 2244

Product Image of Macro Cell, Type 101-QS, high performance Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 20x10 mm, PTFE lid, 7,000 µl
Macro Cell, Type 101-QS, high performance Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 20x10 mm, PTFE lid, 7,000 µl
Item number: HL101-20-40
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€315.40 €332.00
Product Image of Macro Cell, Type 101-QS, high performance Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 10x10 mm, PTFE lid, 3,500 µl
Macro Cell, Type 101-QS, high performance Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 10x10 mm, PTFE lid, 3,500 µl
Item number: HL101-10-40
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€161.50 €170.00
Product Image of Macro Cell, Type 100-QS, high performance Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 2 mm, Glass lid, 700 µl
Macro Cell, Type 100-QS, high performance Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 2 mm, Glass lid, 700 µl
Item number: HL100-2-40
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€118.75 €125.00
Product Image of Macro Cell, Type 100-QS, high performance Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 1 mm, Glass lid, 350 µl
Macro Cell, Type 100-QS, high performance Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 1 mm, Glass lid, 350 µl
Item number: HL100-1-40
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€118.75 €125.00
Product Image of Macro Cell, Type 100-QS, HP quartz glass, WL 200-2500 nm, layer thickness 10 mm, PTFE-seamed lid, 3,500 µl
Macro Cell, Type 100-QS, HP quartz glass, WL 200-2500 nm, layer thickness 10 mm, PTFE-seamed lid, 3,500 µl
Item number: HL100-10-40
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€91.30 €96.10
Product Image of Standard rectangular cell with lid, material UV quartz glass Spectrosil Q, path length 10mm, old number 100QS10
Standard rectangular cell with lid, material UV quartz glass Spectrosil Q, path length 10mm, old number 100QS10
Item number: SN1/Q/10
Brand: Starna GmbH

In stock

€86.05 €90.58
Product Image of CUVETTES Semi-Mirco, 1.6 ml, U, 100 pc/PAK
CUVETTES Semi-Mirco, 1.6 ml, U, 100 pc/PAK
Item number: RL2722120
Brand: Ratiolab

In stock

€34.09 €35.88
Product Image of Q-VETTES Macro, 4.0 ml, PS, 1000 pc/PAK
Q-VETTES Macro, 4.0 ml, PS, 1000 pc/PAK
Item number: RL2711110
Brand: Ratiolab

In stock

€80.05 €84.26
Product Image of Hellmanex® III Cleaning Concentrate, for Cleaning Cell, Glass, quartz Glass and optical parts/1.3 L
Hellmanex® III Cleaning Concentrate, for Cleaning Cell, Glass, quartz Glass and optical parts/1.3 L
Item number: HL9-307-011-4-507
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€57.57 €60.60
Product Image of Large Cell VIS, Type 700-OG, optical Glass, WL 360-2500 nm, Pathlength 30 mm +/-0,2 mm, Glass lid, 22,500 µl
Large Cell VIS, Type 700-OG, optical Glass, WL 360-2500 nm, Pathlength 30 mm +/-0,2 mm, Glass lid, 22,500 µl
Item number: HL704-001-30-10
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€274.00
Product Image of Macro Cell, Type 6030-UV, Quartz Glass, WL 260-2500 nm, Pathlength 10 mm, PTFE lid, 3,500 µl
Macro Cell, Type 6030-UV, Quartz Glass, WL 260-2500 nm, Pathlength 10 mm, PTFE lid, 3,500 µl
Item number: HL6030-UV-10-531
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€82.70
Product Image of Macro Cell, Type 6030-OG, optical Glass,TyWL 360-2500 nm, Pathlength 50 mm, PTFE lid, 17,500 µl
Macro Cell, Type 6030-OG, optical Glass,TyWL 360-2500 nm, Pathlength 50 mm, PTFE lid, 17,500 µl
Item number: HL6030-50-10
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€101.00
Product Image of Macro Cell, Type 6030-OG, optical Glass, WL 360-2500 nm, Pathlength 10 mm, PTFE lid, 3,500 µl
Macro Cell, Type 6030-OG, optical Glass, WL 360-2500 nm, Pathlength 10 mm, PTFE lid, 3,500 µl
Item number: HL6030-10-10
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€46.20
Product Image of Round Window, round windows type 202-QS, high performance Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm
Round Window, round windows type 202-QS, high performance Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm
Item number: HL202-40
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€37.60
Product Image of Flow-Through Cell, Type 131-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 10 mm, aperture (HxW) 33x10 mm, 3,300 µl, in/outlet tubes, for fluorescence measurements
Flow-Through Cell, Type 131-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 10 mm, aperture (HxW) 33x10 mm, 3,300 µl, in/outlet tubes, for fluorescence measurements
Item number: HL131-10-40
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€430.00
Product Image of Macro Cylinder Cell, Type 120-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 2 mm,PTFE Stopper, 560 µl
Macro Cylinder Cell, Type 120-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 2 mm,PTFE Stopper, 560 µl
Item number: HL120-000-2-40
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€259.00
Product Image of Macro Cylinder Cell, Type 120-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 1 mm, PTFE Stopper, 280 µl
Macro Cylinder Cell, Type 120-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 1 mm, PTFE Stopper, 280 µl
Item number: HL120-000-1-40
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€261.00
Product Image of Semi Micro Cell, Type 119F-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 10x4 mm, magnetic stirrer, PTFE Stopper, 1,400 µl
Semi Micro Cell, Type 119F-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 10x4 mm, magnetic stirrer, PTFE Stopper, 1,400 µl
Item number: HL119004F-10-40
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€477.00
Product Image of Macro Cell, Type 117F-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 10x10 mm, GL 14 screw cap and PTFE seal, 3,500 µl
Macro Cell, Type 117F-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 10x10 mm, GL 14 screw cap and PTFE seal, 3,500 µl
Item number: HL117200F-10-40
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€398.00
Product Image of Semi Micro Cell, Type 117-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 10 mm, GL 14 screw cap and silicone rubber seal, 1,400 µl
Semi Micro Cell, Type 117-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 10 mm, GL 14 screw cap and silicone rubber seal, 1,400 µl
Item number: HL117-104-10-40
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€334.00
Product Image of Macro Cell, Type 117F-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 10x10 mm, GL 14 screw cap and silicone rubber seal, 3,500 µl
Macro Cell, Type 117F-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 10x10 mm, GL 14 screw cap and silicone rubber seal, 3,500 µl
Item number: HL117100F-10-40
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€398.00
Product Image of Macro Cell, Type 117-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 10 mm, GL 14 screw cap and silicone rubber seal, 3,500 µl
Macro Cell, Type 117-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 10 mm, GL 14 screw cap and silicone rubber seal, 3,500 µl
Item number: HL117-100-10-40
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€287.00
Product Image of Micro Cell, Type 115-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 10 mm, PTFE Stopper, 400 µl
Micro Cell, Type 115-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 10 mm, PTFE Stopper, 400 µl
Item number: HL115-10-40
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€198.00
Product Image of Semi Micro Cell, Type 114F-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 10x4 mm, PTFE Stopper, 1,400 µl
Semi Micro Cell, Type 114F-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 10x4 mm, PTFE Stopper, 1,400 µl
Item number: HL114F-10-40
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€382.00
Product Image of Semi Micro Cell, Type 114-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 10 mm, PTFE Stopper, 1,400 µl
Semi Micro Cell, Type 114-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 10 mm, PTFE Stopper, 1,400 µl
Item number: HL114-10-40
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€202.00
Product Image of Macro Cell, Type 111-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 10x10 mm, PTFE Stopper, 3,500 µl
Macro Cell, Type 111-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 10x10 mm, PTFE Stopper, 3,500 µl
Item number: HL111-10-40
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€226.00
Product Image of Macro Cell, Type 110-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 2 mm, PTFE Stopper, 700 µl
Macro Cell, Type 110-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 2 mm, PTFE Stopper, 700 µl
Item number: HL110-2-40
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€191.00
Product Image of Macro Cell, Type 110-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 1 mm, PTFE Stopper, 350 µl
Macro Cell, Type 110-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 1 mm, PTFE Stopper, 350 µl
Item number: HL110-1-40
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€191.00
Product Image of Macro Cell, Type 110-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 10 mm, PTFE Stopper, 3,500 µl
Macro Cell, Type 110-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 10 mm, PTFE Stopper, 3,500 µl
Item number: HL110-10-40
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€163.00
Product Image of Micro Cell, Type 108.002-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 10 mm, base thickness 9 mm, PTFE lid, 500 µl
Micro Cell, Type 108.002-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 10 mm, base thickness 9 mm, PTFE lid, 500 µl
Item number: HL108-002-10-40
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€191.00
Product Image of Rectangular Cell, demountable, Type 106-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 0.2 mm, 52 µl, holder to be ordered separately-Art-Nr. 013-000-71
Rectangular Cell, demountable, Type 106-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 0.2 mm, 52 µl, holder to be ordered separately-Art-Nr. 013-000-71
Item number: HL106-0.20-40
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€246.00
Product Image of Rectangular Cell, demountable, Type 106-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 0.1 mm, 26 µl, holder to be ordered separately-Art-Nr. 013-000-71
Rectangular Cell, demountable, Type 106-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 0.1 mm, 26 µl, holder to be ordered separately-Art-Nr. 013-000-71
Item number: HL106-0.10-40
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€246.00
Product Image of Rectangular Cell, demountable, Type 106-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 0.01 mm, 2.6 µl, holder to be ordered separately-Art-Nr. 013-000-71
Rectangular Cell, demountable, Type 106-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 0.01 mm, 2.6 µl, holder to be ordered separately-Art-Nr. 013-000-71
Item number: HL106-0.01-40
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€296.00
Product Image of Ultra Micro Cell, Type 105.251-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 3x3 mm, (HxW) 5x3 mm, Centerheight 15mm, PE Stopper, 45 µl
Ultra Micro Cell, Type 105.251-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 3x3 mm, (HxW) 5x3 mm, Centerheight 15mm, PE Stopper, 45 µl
Item number: HL105-251-15-40
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€519.00
Product Image of Ultra Micro Cell, Type 105.250-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 10x2 mm, (HxW) 5x2 mm, Centerheight 15 mm, PE Stopper, 100 µl
Ultra Micro Cell, Type 105.250-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 10x2 mm, (HxW) 5x2 mm, Centerheight 15 mm, PE Stopper, 100 µl
Item number: HL105-250-15-40
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€501.00
Product Image of Semi Micro Cell, Type 104-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 10x4 mm, PTFE lid, 1,400 µl
Semi Micro Cell, Type 104-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 10x4 mm, PTFE lid, 1,400 µl
Item number: HL104F-10-40
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€311.00
Product Image of Semi Micro Cell, Type 104-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 10 mm, PTFE lid, 1,400 µl
Semi Micro Cell, Type 104-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 10 mm, PTFE lid, 1,400 µl
Item number: HL104-10-40
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€134.00
Product Image of Micro Cell, Type 104.002B-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm,Pathlength 10x2 mm, PTFE lid, 700 µl
Micro Cell, Type 104.002B-QS, HP Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm,Pathlength 10x2 mm, PTFE lid, 700 µl
Item number: HL104002F-10-40
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€346.00
Product Image of Micro Cell, Type 104-002-QS, high performance Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 10 mm, PTFE lid, 700 µl
Micro Cell, Type 104-002-QS, high performance Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 10 mm, PTFE lid, 700 µl
Item number: HL104-002-10-40
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€153.00
Product Image of Macro Cell, Type 100-QS, high performance Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 5 mm, PTFE lid, 1,750 µl
Macro Cell, Type 100-QS, high performance Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 5 mm, PTFE lid, 1,750 µl
Item number: HL100-5-40
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€127.00
Product Image of Macro Cell, Type 100-QS, high performance Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 50 mm, PTFE lid, 17,500 µl
Macro Cell, Type 100-QS, high performance Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 50 mm, PTFE lid, 17,500 µl
Item number: HL100-50-40
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€201.00
Product Image of Macro Cell, Type 100-QS, high performance Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 20 mm, PTFE lid, 7,000 µl
Macro Cell, Type 100-QS, high performance Quartz Glass, WL 200-2500 nm, Pathlength 20 mm, PTFE lid, 7,000 µl
Item number: HL100-20-40
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€143.00
Product Image of Macro Cell Pair, Type 100-QS, HP quartz glass with transmission index, WL 200 nm to 2500 nm, layer thickness 10 mm, PTFE-seamed lid, 3,500 µl
Macro Cell Pair, Type 100-QS, HP quartz glass with transmission index, WL 200 nm to 2500 nm, layer thickness 10 mm, PTFE-seamed lid, 3,500 µl
Item number: HL100-10-K-40
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€221.00
Product Image of Macro Cell Pair, Type 100-OS, special optical glass with transmission index, WL 320-2500 nm, layer thickness 10 mm, PTFE-seamed lid, 3,500 µl
Macro Cell Pair, Type 100-OS, special optical glass with transmission index, WL 320-2500 nm, layer thickness 10 mm, PTFE-seamed lid, 3,500 µl
Item number: HL100-10-K-20
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€149.00
Product Image of Spacer, anodized Aluminum, Type 013.101, for Hellma® High Precision macro Cell with 1 mm layer thickness in 10 mm Cell Holder
Spacer, anodized Aluminum, Type 013.101, for Hellma® High Precision macro Cell with 1 mm layer thickness in 10 mm Cell Holder
Item number: HL013-101-71
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€59.40
Product Image of Cell Holder, anodized Aluminum, Type 013.000, for demountable Hellma® High Precision rectangular Cell Type 106
Cell Holder, anodized Aluminum, Type 013.000, for demountable Hellma® High Precision rectangular Cell Type 106
Item number: HL013-000-71
Brand: Hellma

In stock

€89.00
Product Image of UVette, original Eppendorf disposables, 80 pc/PAK
UVette, original Eppendorf disposables, 80 pc/PAK
Item number: EP0030106300
Brand: Eppendorf

In stock

€68.20
Product Image of UV-Cuvettes, macro, nest number sorted, UV-transparent, minimum filling volume 2,5 ml, Cert. LS-Q, 100 pc/PAK
UV-Cuvettes, macro, nest number sorted, UV-transparent, minimum filling volume 2,5 ml, Cert. LS-Q, 100 pc/PAK
Item number: BR759170
Brand: Brand

In stock

€35.30
Product Image of Cuvettes, macro, PMMA, minimum filling volume 2,5 ml, Cert. LS-Q, 100 pc/PAK
Cuvettes, macro, PMMA, minimum filling volume 2,5 ml, Cert. LS-Q, 100 pc/PAK
Item number: BR759105
Brand: Brand

In stock

€14.35
Product Image of Cuvettes, macro, nest number sorted, PS, minimum filling volume 2,5 ml, 100 pc/PAK
Cuvettes, macro, nest number sorted, PS, minimum filling volume 2,5 ml, 100 pc/PAK
Item number: BR759005
Brand: Brand

In stock

€13.60

Hellma cells

Hellma Cells are manufactured from different types of glass. The most important criterion for the choice of a particular type of glass ist the spectral range for which the cell is intended. Basically, we differ between two ranges of material: 

Quartz Glass and Optical Glass

Quartz consists exclusively of silicon dioxid (SiO2)and shows some remarkable properties:

  • Quartz displays a high UV transmission, in highly purified synthetic Quartz down to well below 200 nm
  • The thermal expansion of quartz is extremly low
  • Quartz is chamically very resistant and maintains its shape, even at high temperatures up to approximately 1000°C

Common criteria for all types of Optical Glass are:

  • the cells made from it are used in the visible range of the spectrum
  • the glasses Hellma uses are characterised by relatively low values of refractive index and dispersion
  • the display good resistance to chemicals

Application and Handling of Cells

The Hellma precision cells are manufactured from glass and quartz and possess all the benefits of this material. Hellma generally recommends that cells are cleaned and dried immediately after use and returned to their storage cases. Do not keep the cells in the open in a corrosive atmosphere, and do not leave the polished windows in contact with liquid over long periods of time. Both conditions could lead to formation of deposits or stains and could render the cells unusable.

To avoid scratches on the precision-polished windows, the cells should never come into contact with objects made of hard materials like glass or metal.

  • Care is required when inserting the cells into a metal cell holder.
  • When filling the cells with liquids using a pipette, never touch the polished windows with the pipette.
  • Never use metal tweezers or pliers for carrying or holding the cells.

Handling Cells with Stoppers

Use caution when handling cells with stoppers: Cells that contain liquid and are sealed with stoppers may crack as a result of increased inner pressure. The most common cause of such a pressure increase is the expansion of the liquid within the cell due to an increase in temperature.

A temperature increase can be caused by:

  • heat conducted from an exterior source
  • a chemical reaction within the liquid
  • radiation absorption within the liquid

You can avoid the destruction of the cell by too much pressure in the following ways:

  • Fill the cell just high enough so that the light beam can pass through the liquid. The liquid can expand into the remaining cell volume when its temperature increases.
  • Should you fill the cell to the brim, only put the stopper on loosely so that the extra liquid can escape.
  • Do not try to force the stopper into place, as this will inevitably result in damage to the cell.
  • Use stoppers with a pressure release capillary.

Please note that high pressure may destroy some other kinds of cells as well. This occurs if the liquid contained is subjected to extreme changes in temperature. For
example, cells for anaerobic measurements may be affected. On the one hand it is possible to cool an empty cell down to just few Kelvin without destroying it, but the same cell, even if it is not sealed will burst, if filled with water and brought to a temperture a few degrees below the freezing point. The reason for this is the fact that water does not only expand upwards when it freezes, but in all directions equally which can cause the cell to burst.

Ultrasonic Machinig

Many cell typed, especially flow-trough cells, require borings and cavities with highly complex shapes. With ultrasonic machining, which resembles the spark erosion procedure used in metall working, Hellma possesses a technology that allows to produce high-precision borings and cavities of 0,5 nm to 60 nm in the brittle glass material. The tools required for manufacturing borings of almost any imaginable cross-sectional shape are made in Hellma´s own machine-too, department.

the process of direct fusion, which was developed by Hellma, and is almost always used nowadays ideally fulfills these requirements. However, it also presupposes that the surfaces to be fused together are polished and possess a flatness tolerance of less than 1 µm. Since no adhesives whatsoever are employed for fusing the glass parts, the seams display the same high resistance against chemicals and increased temperatures as the solid glass itself. Sinter glass fusing is only used in the few exceptional cases where direct fusion is impossible for technical manufacturing reasons.

Antireflection Coating

When radiation passes through the cell, part of it is reflected by the exterior surfaces. The transmission is reduced by this reflected portion by approximately 8%. Vacuum evaporation of thin layers of a suitable material can reduce these reflections, thereby giving a higher transmission for the cell.
The standard is a multilayer antireflection coating that reduces reflection over a broad spectral range. Over a spectral range of between 440 nm and 650 nm the reduced reflectance is at most 0,4%. This coating is highly adhesive and resistant to both abrasion and climatic influences.

Mirror Coating:

For some purposes (e.g. fluorescence measurements) mirror coated cells are used. Both the rear window to the incident light and the left adjacent window are mirror-coated on the outside. The standard mirror coating consists of a layer of vacuum-evaporated aluminium that has a degree of reflection of mor than 80% over a spectral range between 250 nm and 2500 nm. This coating is covered with a protective layer which is extremly hard and durable. Additionally, the mirror coated window are protected against external scratches by a layer of black lacquer.
On request we can also supply metal coatings with different reflective properties and with the coated surfaces in other positions.